Boarding schools have long been a subject of curiosity and debate among parents. Why do parents send their kids away to boarding school? This decision is often met with a mix of admiration and skepticism, as it involves entrusting a child’s education, upbringing, and daily life to an institution far from home. For some families, boarding school is seen as an opportunity for academic excellence and personal growth. For others, it might be a necessary step due to unique family circumstances or a child’s specific needs. Understanding the reasons behind this choice requires a deep dive into the various factors that influence parents to opt for boarding schools over other educational options.
What is a Boarding School?
A boarding school is a residential school where students live on campus during the school year. Unlike day schools, where students return home at the end of each day, boarding school students remain on campus, often only going home during holidays or weekends, depending on the school’s schedule. The concept of boarding schools is deeply rooted in history and has evolved to cater to a wide range of educational philosophies, religious beliefs, and cultural practices.
Boarding schools can vary significantly in terms of structure, curriculum, and focus. Some are highly academic, offering rigorous programs aimed at preparing students for top universities. Others may emphasize sports, arts, or leadership, offering specialized programs designed to nurture specific talents. Types of boarding schools include:
- Traditional Boarding Schools: These are often college preparatory schools that provide a comprehensive education, including a strong academic curriculum and a wide range of extracurricular activities.
- Military Boarding Schools: Focused on discipline, leadership, and physical fitness, these schools often prepare students for military service or careers in leadership roles.
- Religious Boarding Schools: These schools integrate religious education with academic studies, providing a faith-based environment that aligns with the religious beliefs of the students and their families.
- Therapeutic Boarding Schools: Designed for students who may struggle with behavioral issues, mental health challenges, or learning disabilities, these schools offer a supportive environment with access to therapy and specialized educational programs.
History of Boarding Schools
The history of boarding schools dates back centuries and is deeply intertwined with the development of formal education systems. In medieval Europe, boarding schools were often established by religious institutions to educate young boys in preparation for the clergy. These schools were typically attached to monasteries or cathedrals and emphasized religious instruction alongside basic education in reading, writing, and arithmetic.
By the 19th century, boarding schools had become more secular, especially in Britain, where they were seen as a means to educate the sons of the aristocracy and the rising middle class. Famous British boarding schools like Eton and Harrow became synonymous with elite education and the preparation of future leaders.
In the United States, the establishment of boarding schools was influenced by European models, but also by the unique social and cultural context of the country. In the 19th century, many Native American children were sent to boarding schools as part of assimilation policies, a practice that had lasting negative impacts on Indigenous communities.
Today, boarding schools have evolved to meet the needs of a diverse student population, offering a range of educational models that cater to different learning styles, cultural backgrounds, and individual needs. Despite this evolution, the core principles of boarding schools—providing a structured, immersive educational environment—remain consistent.
Common Reasons Parents Choose Boarding Schools
Academic Excellence
One of the most compelling reasons parents choose to send their children to boarding school is the pursuit of academic excellence. Boarding schools are renowned for their rigorous academic programs, often surpassing the standards set by traditional day schools. This reputation is built on a foundation of small class sizes, individualized attention, and access to highly qualified teachers who are experts in their fields.
In boarding schools, students are immersed in an environment that prioritizes education, with extended hours for study and access to academic resources like libraries, laboratories, and tutoring. The structured nature of boarding school life ensures that students have ample time dedicated to academic pursuits, free from the distractions that might be present at home. This environment is particularly beneficial for students who are highly motivated or have specific academic goals, such as gaining admission to top universities.
Moreover, many boarding schools offer specialized programs in fields such as science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM), the arts, or humanities, allowing students to delve deeply into their areas of interest. For example, a boarding school with a strong science program might offer advanced courses in biology, chemistry, and physics, as well as opportunities for hands-on research or internships with local universities or companies.
Case Study: At Phillips Exeter Academy, a prestigious boarding school in New Hampshire, students are known for their academic achievements. The school follows the Harkness method, a teaching style that encourages discussion-based learning and critical thinking. As a result, many Exeter graduates go on to attend Ivy League schools and other top universities, a testament to the school’s commitment to academic excellence.
Structured Environment
The structured environment of a boarding school is another significant reason why parents opt for this form of education. Structure and routine are essential elements of boarding school life, providing students with a consistent schedule that balances academic work, extracurricular activities, and personal time. This structure is particularly beneficial for students who thrive in a disciplined environment, where expectations are clear, and support is always available.
At boarding schools, the day is carefully planned out, with set times for classes, meals, study periods, and extracurricular activities. This routine helps students develop time management skills, which are crucial for success both in school and later in life. The presence of faculty and staff around the clock also means that students have continuous access to guidance and mentorship, whether they need help with homework, advice on personal issues, or encouragement to pursue new interests.
For parents, the structured environment of a boarding school can be reassuring, especially if their child struggles with maintaining focus or discipline at home. The boarding school setting removes many of the distractions that can interfere with a child’s education, such as television, video games, or unsupervised social activities. Instead, students are surrounded by peers who share similar academic and personal goals, fostering a community of like-minded individuals who support one another in their pursuits.
Extracurricular Opportunities
Beyond academics, boarding schools are known for offering a wealth of extracurricular opportunities that contribute to the holistic development of students. These activities are not just an afterthought but are integral to the boarding school experience. Whether a student is interested in sports, the arts, leadership, or community service, boarding schools provide the resources, facilities, and encouragement to explore and excel in these areas.
For example, many boarding schools have state-of-the-art sports facilities, including swimming pools, tennis courts, and gymnasiums, as well as competitive sports teams that participate in regional and national tournaments. The emphasis on sports not only helps students stay physically active but also teaches valuable lessons in teamwork, discipline, and perseverance.
Similarly, boarding schools often have robust arts programs, with opportunities for students to engage in music, theater, dance, visual arts, and more. These programs are often supported by professional artists and educators, and students may have the chance to participate in performances, exhibitions, or competitions, further enriching their educational experience.
Example of Extracurricular Activities Offered at Boarding Schools
| Activity | Description | Benefits |
|---|---|---|
| Sports Teams | Competitive teams in various sports such as soccer, basketball, swimming | Physical fitness, teamwork, leadership |
| Music & Theater | Choir, orchestra, drama productions, musical theater | Creativity, self-expression, confidence |
| Debate Club | Public speaking, debate tournaments | Critical thinking, communication skills, persuasion |
| Community Service | Volunteer projects, fundraising for charities | Social responsibility, empathy, leadership development |
| Student Government | Leadership roles within the school community | Leadership skills, organizational skills, civic engagement |
The range of extracurricular activities available at boarding schools ensures that students can pursue their passions and discover new interests, all while developing skills that will serve them well in the future.
Preparation for College and Beyond
One of the long-term benefits of attending a boarding school is the comprehensive preparation it provides for college and beyond. Boarding schools are designed to equip students with the academic knowledge, social skills, and personal attributes necessary to succeed in higher education and in life. This preparation begins from the moment a student enters the school and continues through to graduation.
Boarding schools often have dedicated college counseling departments that work closely with students to identify their strengths, interests, and goals. These counselors guide students through the college application process, helping them select the right colleges, prepare for entrance exams, and craft compelling application essays. Because of the close relationships between students and faculty, counselors can provide personalized advice that takes into account each student’s unique abilities and aspirations.
In addition to academic preparation, boarding schools focus on developing the life skills needed for independence. Students learn to manage their own time, take responsibility for their actions, and navigate complex social environments—all of which are critical for success in college and beyond. The experience of living away from home also helps students develop resilience and adaptability, traits that are invaluable in the rapidly changing world.
Family Dynamics and Personal Circumstances
In some cases, the decision to send a child to boarding school is influenced by family dynamics and personal circumstances. Every family is different, and there are numerous situations where boarding school may be the best or even the only option. These situations can range from parents’ careers requiring frequent relocations to family conflicts or a need for a more stable environment for the child.
For families where parents travel frequently or live in remote locations, boarding school provides a stable and consistent environment where the child’s education is not disrupted. This stability is crucial for the child’s academic and emotional well-being, ensuring that they have a routine and a community even when family life is in flux.
In other cases, parents might choose boarding school as a way to provide a positive environment for their child during difficult times. For example, if a family is going through a divorce, sending the child to boarding school can provide a sense of continuity and normalcy, away from the stress and tension at home. Similarly, if a child is struggling with behavioral issues or negative influences in their local community, boarding school can offer a fresh start in a supportive and structured setting.
Case Study: A family from a small town in Texas faced the challenge of frequent relocations due to the father’s job in the oil industry. Their daughter, Emma, had difficulty adjusting to new schools and maintaining friendships. After researching their options, they decided to send Emma to a boarding school in New England. The school provided her with a stable environment where she could thrive academically and socially, while her parents had peace of mind knowing she was well cared for.
Special Needs and Tailored Education
Another important factor that drives parents to consider boarding school is the need for specialized education for children with special needs or learning differences. Boarding schools often have the resources and expertise to provide tailored educational programs that cater to students with various challenges, whether they be academic, emotional, or behavioral.
Specialized boarding schools offer a range of services, including individualized learning plans, therapy sessions, and support from trained staff who understand the unique needs of each student. These schools create an environment where students can thrive academically while receiving the support they need to overcome their challenges. For parents, knowing that their child is in a place where their needs are understood and met can be a significant relief.
Examples of Special Needs Support in Boarding Schools
| Type of Support | Description |
|---|---|
| Learning Disabilities | Specialized programs for dyslexia, ADHD, and other learning challenges |
| Emotional Support | Counseling services, therapy sessions, and emotional wellness programs |
| Behavioral Support | Behavioral intervention plans, mentoring, and structured routines |
| Physical Disabilities | Accessible facilities, adaptive sports, and physical therapy |
Boarding schools that specialize in special needs education often collaborate with parents, therapists, and other professionals to create a comprehensive support system for each student. This collaborative approach ensures that the child’s educational experience is both enriching and supportive, helping them reach their full potential.
Emotional and Social Factors
Building Independence and Responsibility
One of the most profound benefits of attending a boarding school is the development of independence and responsibility in students. Unlike day schools, where children return home each evening to the care and supervision of their parents, boarding schools require students to manage much of their daily life on their own. This environment fosters a sense of self-reliance that is essential for personal growth and maturity.
At boarding school, students are responsible for organizing their own schedules, ensuring they meet academic deadlines, and balancing extracurricular activities with study time. This level of responsibility teaches students to prioritize tasks, manage their time effectively, and develop problem-solving skills. The structured nature of boarding school life also encourages students to become more disciplined, as they must adhere to the school’s routines and regulations without the immediate oversight of their parents.
Moreover, living in a community of peers, students learn to navigate social relationships independently. They must resolve conflicts, build friendships, and develop a sense of empathy and understanding for others, all within the context of a diverse and often multicultural environment. This social independence is a key factor in helping students build the confidence and resilience needed to succeed in college and beyond.
Socialization and Peer Relationships
Boarding schools offer a unique social environment where students live and learn alongside their peers 24/7. This constant interaction fosters strong peer relationships and helps students develop important social skills. The close-knit nature of boarding school communities means that students often form deep, lasting friendships that can endure long after they graduate.
Living with peers from diverse backgrounds also exposes students to different cultures, perspectives, and ways of thinking. This diversity enriches the boarding school experience, teaching students to appreciate and respect differences while finding common ground with others. The shared experience of living away from home and navigating the challenges of boarding school life also creates a strong sense of camaraderie among students.
In addition to building friendships, boarding schools provide numerous opportunities for social engagement through clubs, sports teams, and other extracurricular activities. These activities allow students to bond over shared interests and work together towards common goals, further strengthening their social ties.
Case Study: At St. George’s School, a prestigious boarding school in Rhode Island, students come from over 20 different countries. The school places a strong emphasis on creating a global community, where students learn from each other’s cultures and perspectives. This diversity not only enriches the students’ social lives but also prepares them for the multicultural world they will enter after graduation.
Coping with Homesickness and Separation Anxiety
While boarding school offers many benefits, it can also be challenging for both students and parents to cope with homesickness and separation anxiety. Being away from home, especially for the first time, can be a difficult adjustment for students, and many experience feelings of loneliness and longing for their families.
Boarding schools are aware of these challenges and have systems in place to support students through the transition. Schools often provide counseling services, peer mentoring programs, and regular check-ins with teachers and staff to help students manage their emotions. Many schools also encourage regular communication with parents through phone calls, emails, and visits, which can help alleviate feelings of homesickness.
For parents, the separation can be equally difficult. Trusting someone else to care for and guide their child is a significant emotional hurdle. However, many parents find comfort in knowing that their child is in a structured and supportive environment where their needs are being met.
Tips for Coping with Homesickness:
- Stay Connected: Encourage regular communication between the student and their family. Even a short phone call or video chat can make a big difference.
- Get Involved: Students should actively participate in school activities and make an effort to build relationships with peers. Engaging in the school community can help distract from feelings of homesickness.
- Seek Support: Students should not hesitate to reach out to school counselors or mentors if they are struggling. These professionals are trained to help students navigate their emotions.